"Mlad\u00E1 fronta"@cs . "~ 93 921 voj\u00E1k\u016F"@cs . "2012"^^ . "Thure de Thulstrup - L. Prang and Co. - Battle of Gettysburg - Restoration by Adam Cuerden.jpg"@cs . "2010"^^ . "2008"^^ . . "K\u0159\u00ED\u017Eek"@cs . "2009"^^ . "Velk\u00E9 bitvy sv\u011Btov\u00FDch d\u011Bjin: bitva u Gettysburgu"@cs . "Trevor N"@cs . . "Historick\u00FD obzor: \u010Dasopis pro v\u00FDuku d\u011Bjepisu a popularizaci historie"@cs . "Zem\u011B krv\u00ED zbrocen\u00E1"@cs . . "Thure de Thulstrup: Hancock u Gettysburgu. Pl\u00E1tno zachycuje voj\u00E1ky Hancockova II. sboru v boji s Pickettovou diviz\u00ED."@cs . . "V\u00E1lka Severu proti Jihu"@cs . "154"^^ . "~ 12 693 zran\u011Bn\u00FDch"@cs . "Colvin"@cs . "~ 5369 zajatc\u016F/nezv\u011Bstn\u00FDch"@cs . . "102"^^ . "Svojtka & Co."@cs . . . "Grzegorz"@cs . . "978"^^ . . . . "~ 71 699 voj\u00E1k\u016Fref|Po\u010Detn\u00ED stavy obou arm\u00E1d byly po dlouh\u00E1 desetilet\u00ED p\u0159edm\u011Btem spor\u016F, kter\u00E9 trvaj\u00ED dodnes.|group=pozn."@cs . . . "bitvu u Gettysburgu"@cs . . . . . . "Carl"@cs . . "Konfederace" . . "~ 93 921 voj\u00E1k\u016F" . . "Ji\u0159\u00ED"@cs . . "693"^^ . "Bitva u Gettysburgu se odehr\u00E1la ve dnech 1.\u20133. \u010Dervence 1863 v okol\u00ED pensylv\u00E1nsk\u00E9ho m\u011Bsta Gettysburg. Po\u010Detn\u011B siln\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED Potomack\u00E1 arm\u00E1da Unie (Severu) v \u010Dele s gener\u00E1lmajorem Georgem Meadem zde porazila Arm\u00E1du severn\u00ED Virginie n\u00E1le\u017Eej\u00EDc\u00ED k ozbrojen\u00FDm sil\u00E1m Konfederace (Jihu) vedenou gener\u00E1lem Robertem Edvardem Lee. Ud\u00E1losti u Gettysburgu m\u011Bly rozhoduj\u00EDc\u00ED vliv na v\u00FDvoj americk\u00E9 ob\u010Dansk\u00E9 v\u00E1lky a bitva je dodnes nejv\u011Bt\u0161\u00EDm ozbrojen\u00FDm st\u0159etnut\u00EDm sveden\u00FDm na severoamerick\u00E9m kontinentu.Bylo v n\u00ED vyst\u0159eleno n\u011Bco kolem 55 000 d\u011Blov\u00FDch n\u00E1boj\u016F a utkalo se zde 6 % Ameri\u010Dan\u016F z 29 st\u00E1t\u016F ve v\u011Bku, kdy byli schopni vojensk\u00E9 slu\u017Eby. A\u010Dkoli arm\u00E1da Konfederace p\u0159ed st\u0159etnut\u00EDm mohla do pole postavit zhruba o dvacet tis\u00EDc mu\u017E\u016F m\u00E9n\u011B ne\u017E nep\u0159\u00EDtel, nebyl v\u00FDsledek boje jednozna\u010Dn\u00FD, nebo\u0165 Ji\u017Ean\u00E9 v pr\u016Fb\u011Bhu v\u00E1lky dok\u00E1zali Seve\u0159any opakovan\u011B por\u00E1\u017Eet i p\u0159i v\u00FDrazn\u00E9m oslaben\u00ED. Av\u0161ak d\u00EDky t\u011Bmto v\u00EDt\u011Bzstv\u00EDm vzrostlo sebev\u011Bdom\u00ED gener\u00E1la Leea natolik, \u017Ee se p\u0159i pl\u00E1nov\u00E1n\u00ED taktick\u00FDch operac\u00ED druh\u00E9ho a t\u0159et\u00EDho dne bitvy dopustil stejn\u00FDch chyb, jak\u00FDch se p\u0159i p\u0159edchoz\u00EDch boj\u00EDch s n\u00EDm opakovan\u011B dopou\u0161t\u011Bl protivn\u00EDk.A\u010Dkoli se velitel Arm\u00E1dy severn\u00ED Virginie rozhodl soust\u0159edit sv\u00E9 divize na k\u0159i\u017Eovatce cest u Gettysburgu ji\u017E v d\u0159\u00EDv\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDch dnech, do\u0161lo k rozhoduj\u00EDc\u00EDmu st\u0159etnut\u00ED americk\u00E9 ob\u010Dansk\u00E9 v\u00E1lky u tohoto m\u011Bsta t\u00E9m\u011B\u0159 n\u00E1hodou, nebo\u0165 prvn\u00ED Ji\u017Ean\u00E9 se do boje s protivn\u00EDkem dostali d\u00EDky prozaick\u00E9mu d\u016Fvodu, j\u00EDm\u017E byla mo\u017Enost opat\u0159it si z m\u00EDstn\u00EDho skladi\u0161t\u011B nov\u00E9 boty. Do prvn\u00ED \u0161arv\u00E1tky Hethov\u00FDch a Bulfordov\u00FDch jednotek se postupn\u011B zapojily Hill\u016Fv III. a Ewell\u016Fv II. sbor, proti nim\u017E se postavil Reynolds\u016Fv I. a Howard\u016Fv XI. sbor. A\u010Dkoli p\u0159\u00EDslu\u0161n\u00EDci konfedera\u010Dn\u00ED arm\u00E1dy za oboustrann\u011B vysok\u00FDch ztr\u00E1t p\u0159inutili protivn\u00EDka k \u00FAstupu, ned\u016Frazn\u00FD postup voj\u00E1k\u016F gener\u00E1la Ewella umo\u017Enil do\u010Dasn\u00E9mu veliteli feder\u00E1ln\u00EDch jednotek gener\u00E1lovi Howardovi soust\u0159edit zbyl\u00E9 voj\u00E1ky a zaujmout obranu na svaz\u00EDch Culp\u2018s Hillu, Cemetery Hillu a na h\u0159ebenu Cemetery Ridge (formace b\u00FDv\u00E1 p\u0159ipodob\u0148ovan\u00E1 k h\u00E1\u010Dku na ryby). Druh\u00E9ho dne boj\u016F se gener\u00E1ln\u00EDmu \u0161t\u00E1bu severovirginsk\u00E9 arm\u00E1dy poda\u0159ilo p\u0159eskupit s\u00EDly k \u00FAtoku teprve v pozdn\u00EDch odpoledn\u00EDch hodin\u00E1ch, co\u017E dopomohlo vrchn\u00EDmu veliteli Potomack\u00E9 arm\u00E1dy gener\u00E1lu Meadovi zkonsolidovat postaven\u00ED po cel\u00E9 d\u00E9lce linie. I d\u00EDky t\u00E9to okolnosti selhal \u00FAder voj\u00E1k\u016F Konfederace veden\u00FD podle sch\u00E9matu postupn\u00FDch \u00FAtok\u016F na \u00FAseku pod\u00E9l emmitsbursk\u00E9 cesty, stejn\u011B jako demonstra\u010Dn\u00ED akce II. sboru v oblasti Cemetery Hill \u2013 Culp's Hill.T\u0159et\u00EDho dne bitvy se gener\u00E1l Lee pokusil soust\u0159ed\u011Bn\u00FDm \u00FAtokem prorazit st\u0159ed protivn\u00EDkova postaven\u00ED. Po rozs\u00E1hl\u00E9 d\u011Blost\u0159eleck\u00E9 p\u0159\u00EDprav\u011B bylo do t\u00E9to operace, kter\u00E1 do historie ve\u0161la pod n\u00E1zvem Pickett\u016Fv \u00FAtok, vr\u017Eeno na 11 500 mu\u017E\u016F. P\u0159i p\u0159echodu zhruba m\u00EDli \u0161irok\u00E9ho \u00FAdol\u00ED mezi Seminary Ridge a Cemetery Ridge v prudk\u00E9 d\u011Blost\u0159eleck\u00E9 palb\u011B utrp\u011Bly nasazen\u00E9 konfedera\u010Dn\u00ED brig\u00E1dy vysok\u00E9 ztr\u00E1ty, p\u0159esto se zbytk\u016Fm t\u011Bchto jednotek poda\u0159ilo sv\u016Fj \u00FAkol splnit a feder\u00E1ln\u00ED lini\u00ED prorazit. Av\u0161ak z\u00E1lo\u017En\u00ED protivn\u00EDkovy pluky je po boji veden\u00E9m na bod\u00E1ky z dobyt\u00FDch pozic vytla\u010Dily a p\u0159inutily ustoupit. K Seminary Ridge, kde si z\u0159\u00EDdil hlavn\u00ED stan gener\u00E1l Lee, se ve zmatku vr\u00E1tila necel\u00E1 polovina nasazen\u00FDch voj\u00E1k\u016F. Za katastrofu, je\u017E prob\u00EDhala p\u0159ed jeho o\u010Dima, p\u0159evzal vrchn\u00ED velitel Arm\u00E1dy severn\u00ED Virginie plnou zodpov\u011Bdnost. Vz\u00E1p\u011Bt\u00ED za\u010Dal velitel I. sboru gener\u00E1l Longstreet organizovat obranu proti p\u0159\u00EDpadn\u00E9mu proti\u00FAtoku, k tomu se v\u0161ak gener\u00E1l Meade neodhodlal. 4. \u010Dervence, za zna\u010Dn\u011B nep\u0159\u00EDzniv\u00E9ho po\u010Das\u00ED, tedy ji\u017Eansk\u00E1 arm\u00E1da zah\u00E1jila \u00FAstup k rozvodn\u011Bn\u00E9mu Potomacu.To, \u017Ee se jedna ze stran dopust\u00ED z\u00E1va\u017En\u00E9 chyby, bylo ve st\u00E1vaj\u00EDc\u00ED atmosf\u00E9\u0159e velmi pravd\u011Bpodobn\u00E9, nebo\u0165 velitel\u00E9 obou arm\u00E1d byli pod velk\u00FDm tlakem. Zejm\u00E9na gener\u00E1l Meade, kter\u00FD byl do sv\u00E9 funkce jmenov\u00E1n jen n\u011Bkolik dn\u00ED p\u0159ed bitvou. D\u00EDky telegrafu a s\u00EDl\u00EDc\u00EDmu vlivu \u017Eurnalismu byla o ka\u017Ed\u00E9m kroku arm\u00E1d ihned informovan\u00E1 \u0161irok\u00E1 ve\u0159ejnost a stejn\u011B tak oba prezidenti. Na severu vl\u00E1dlo po \u0159ad\u011B por\u00E1\u017Eek Potomack\u00E9 arm\u00E1dy v politick\u00E9m i civiln\u00EDm \u017Eivot\u011B zna\u010Dn\u00E9 nap\u011Bt\u00ED a podobn\u011B tomu bylo i na mezin\u00E1rodn\u00ED sc\u00E9n\u011B, nebo\u0165 v\u0161e nasv\u011Bd\u010Dovalo tomu, \u017Ee dal\u0161\u00ED v\u00EDt\u011Bzstv\u00ED Konfederace by mohlo znamenat uzn\u00E1n\u00ED jej\u00ED nez\u00E1vislosti a konec v\u00E1lky."@cs . "~ 4708 mrtv\u00FDch"@cs . . . . "16476554"^^ . . "Bishop"@cs . . . "Brno"@cs . . . . "Regan"@cs . "Unie" . "Bitva u Gettysburgu"@cs . "Hute\u010Dka"@cs . "1400"^^ . "318"^^ . . . "313"^^ . . "263"^^ . "V\u00EDt\u011Bzstv\u00ED Unie, obrat ve v\u00E1lce." . "256"^^ . . "V\u00EDt\u011Bzstv\u00ED Unie, obrat ve v\u00E1lce."@cs . . . "269"^^ . "4708"^^ . "R. Ernest"@cs . "Hv\u011Bzdy proti hv\u011Bzd\u00E1m. Americk\u00E1 ob\u010Dansk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka 1861 \u2013 1865"@cs . "bitva u Gettysburgu"@cs . . . "Gettysburg 1863"@cs . . "Dupuy"@cs . . . "~ 3155 mrtv\u00FDch"@cs . . "~ 71 699 voj\u00E1k\u016Fref|Po\u010Detn\u00ED stavy obou arm\u00E1d byly po dlouh\u00E1 desetilet\u00ED p\u0159edm\u011Btem spor\u016F, kter\u00E9 trvaj\u00ED dodnes.|group=pozn." . "309171"^^ . "Amercom SA"@cs . "Bitva u Gettysburgu"@cs . "~ 14 531 zran\u011Bn\u00FDch"@cs . "Bitva u Gettysburgu se odehr\u00E1la ve dnech 1.\u20133. \u010Dervence 1863 v okol\u00ED pensylv\u00E1nsk\u00E9ho m\u011Bsta Gettysburg. Po\u010Detn\u011B siln\u011Bj\u0161\u00ED Potomack\u00E1 arm\u00E1da Unie (Severu) v \u010Dele s gener\u00E1lmajorem Georgem Meadem zde porazila Arm\u00E1du severn\u00ED Virginie n\u00E1le\u017Eej\u00EDc\u00ED k ozbrojen\u00FDm sil\u00E1m Konfederace (Jihu) vedenou gener\u00E1lem Robertem Edvardem Lee."@cs . "40px|okraj|Vlajka USA se 34 hv\u011Bzdami" . . "1210"^^ . "107113"^^ . "Opatrn\u00FD"@cs . . . "Blanka Brabcov\u00E1"@cs . "97"^^ . "--06-03"^^ . . . . "John"@cs . "233"^^ . "Ji\u0159\u00ED Hute\u010Dka"@cs . . "Josef Opatrn\u00FD"@cs . . . . . . . . "Kodet"@cs . . "Smith"@cs . . "Na\u0161e vojsko"@cs . "X-EGEM"@cs . . "9"^^ . . "Roman"@cs . "bitvou u Gettysburgu"@cs . "Gettysburgu"@cs . "564"^^ . "Leonid a kol"@cs . . . . "231"^^ . . . "3155"^^ . "bitvy u Gettysburgu"@cs . "Geoffrey"@cs . . . . . . . . . . "Praha"@cs . . . . "5830"^^ . . . "~ 5830 zajatc\u016F/nezv\u011Bstn\u00FDch"@cs . . . . . . . "~ 23 055"@cs . . . . . . . . . . . . . "40"^^ . . . . "Forma"@cs . . . "Rozhoduj\u00EDc\u00ED bitvy"@cs . . . . . . . "Chris"@cs . . . . "Vojensk\u00E9 d\u011Bjiny 2. d\u00EDl"@cs . "80"^^ . "Bitva u Gettysburgu"@cs . . . . "Konfederace"@cs . "Jota"@cs . . "Unie"@cs . . "Nakladatelstv\u00ED Lidov\u00E9 noviny"@cs . "531"^^ . . . "5369"^^ . "Ivan"@cs . "Bro\u017E"@cs . . . . "Josef"@cs . . "bitv\u011B u Gettysburgu"@cs . "55"^^ . . . . "bitv\u011B u Gettysburgu"@cs . "BB/art"@cs . "1638"^^ . "23"^^ . . "Swoboda"@cs . "1990"^^ . . "1986"^^ . "12"^^ . "~ 23 231"@cs . "14"^^ . . . "1997"^^ . "Epocha"@cs . "1994"^^ . "Americk\u00E1 ob\u010Dansk\u00E1 v\u00E1lka"@cs . . . "2004"^^ . . "40px|okraj|Vlajka Konfederace" . . "2000"^^ .