. . . "Harappsk\u00E9m obdob\u00ED"@cs . . "civilizace \u00FAdol\u00ED Indu"@cs . "D\u011Bjiny Indie"@cs . . . . . "\u010D\u00EDslo"@cs . . "Richard"@cs . . "harappsk\u00E9 civilizace"@cs . . "Moudrost a um\u011Bn\u00ED star\u00FDch Ind\u016F"@cs . "Harappsk\u00E9 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e"@cs . "Nakladatelstv\u00ED Lidov\u00E9 Noviny"@cs . . . "Panorama"@cs . "Steve"@cs . . "PDF online"@cs . "Harappsk\u00E9 kultu\u0159e"@cs . "2012"^^ . "80"^^ . "Witzel"@cs . "133"^^ . . . . "Praha"@cs . "11"^^ . "Du\u0161an"@cs . . "Odeon"@cs . . "39073"^^ . . . "Starov\u011Bk\u00E1 Indie"@cs . . . . . . . . "Mortimer"@cs . . . . "harappsk\u00E9"@cs . . . . . "Jaroslav"@cs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . "prosinec"@cs . . . . . "protoindick\u00E9 kultury"@cs . . . . . . . . . "Sproat"@cs . . "Ot\u00E1zky starov\u011Bk\u00E9 Indie"@cs . "2004"^^ . "2003"^^ . . . . "EJVS"@cs . "2"^^ . . . . . "1985"^^ . . . . . "Harappsk\u00E1 kultura"@cs . . "1997"^^ . . . "Harappsk\u00E1 kultura, tak\u00E9 kultura po\u0159\u00ED\u010D\u00ED Indu, protoindick\u00E1 kultura, protoindick\u00E1 civilizace apod., byla starov\u011Bk\u00E1 kultura nach\u00E1zej\u00EDc\u00ED se v povod\u00ED \u0159eky Indus, prvn\u00ED zn\u00E1m\u00E1 m\u011Bstsk\u00E1 kultura na Indick\u00E9m subkontinentu. Zab\u00EDrala velkou \u010D\u00E1st dne\u0161n\u00EDho P\u00E1kist\u00E1nu (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm Sindh, Pa\u0148d\u017E\u00E1b a Bal\u00FA\u010Dist\u00E1n) a severoz\u00E1padn\u00ED Indie (hlavn\u011B Gud\u017Ear\u00E1t, Harij\u00E1nu, Pa\u0148d\u017E\u00E1b a R\u00E1d\u017Easth\u00E1n), n\u011Bkter\u00E9 poz\u016Fstatky harappsk\u00E9 kultury v\u0161ak byly nalezeny i v dal\u0161\u00EDch oblastech. Po\u010D\u00E1tky harappsk\u00E9 kultury sahaj\u00ED do 2. poloviny 4."@cs . . . . . . "Lidov\u00E9 Noviny"@cs . . . "19"^^ . "anglicky"@cs . "16285939"^^ . . . . . . "protoindick\u00E9"@cs . "kultu\u0159e po\u0159\u00ED\u010D\u00ED Indu"@cs . "Harappsk\u00E1 kultura"@cs . "Zbavitel"@cs . "Michael"@cs . "harappsk\u00E9 dob\u011B"@cs . . "harappsk\u00E1"@cs . . . "1084"^^ . . "Mlad\u00E1 fronta"@cs . "Strnad"@cs . . . "D\u00E1vn\u00E1 civilizace \u00FAdol\u00ED Indu"@cs . "13"^^ . . . . . "Wheeler"@cs . "harappsk\u00E1 kultura"@cs . "harappsk\u00E9m p\u00EDsmu"@cs . "1973"^^ . . . . "Du\u0161an Zbavitel"@cs . . "1971"^^ . . "kultura po\u0159\u00ED\u010D\u00ED"@cs . . . . "harappskou kulturou"@cs . . "29"^^ . . . "harappsk\u00E9 kultury"@cs . "177124"^^ . . . . . . "svazek"@cs . . . . "2"^^ . "Farmer"@cs . "The collapse of the Indus-script thesis: The myth of a literate Harappan civilization."@cs . . "kultury harappsk\u00E9"@cs . . . "Harappsk\u00E9 kultury"@cs . "kulturou Harappy"@cs . . "harrapsk\u00E9 kultury"@cs . "a kol."@cs . . . "Harappsk\u00E1 kultura, tak\u00E9 kultura po\u0159\u00ED\u010D\u00ED Indu, protoindick\u00E1 kultura, protoindick\u00E1 civilizace apod., byla starov\u011Bk\u00E1 kultura nach\u00E1zej\u00EDc\u00ED se v povod\u00ED \u0159eky Indus, prvn\u00ED zn\u00E1m\u00E1 m\u011Bstsk\u00E1 kultura na Indick\u00E9m subkontinentu. Zab\u00EDrala velkou \u010D\u00E1st dne\u0161n\u00EDho P\u00E1kist\u00E1nu (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00EDm Sindh, Pa\u0148d\u017E\u00E1b a Bal\u00FA\u010Dist\u00E1n) a severoz\u00E1padn\u00ED Indie (hlavn\u011B Gud\u017Ear\u00E1t, Harij\u00E1nu, Pa\u0148d\u017E\u00E1b a R\u00E1d\u017Easth\u00E1n), n\u011Bkter\u00E9 poz\u016Fstatky harappsk\u00E9 kultury v\u0161ak byly nalezeny i v dal\u0161\u00EDch oblastech. Po\u010D\u00E1tky harappsk\u00E9 kultury sahaj\u00ED do 2. poloviny 4. tis\u00EDcilet\u00ED p\u0159. n. l. Jednotliv\u00E9 periodizace kultury po\u0159\u00ED\u010D\u00ED Indu se li\u0161\u00ED, Jonathan M. Kenoyer klade jej\u00ED vrcholn\u00E9 obdob\u00ED do rozmez\u00ED let 2600\u20131900 p\u0159. n. l. Pot\u00E9 za\u010Dala harappsk\u00E1 civilizace upadat, nejsp\u00ED\u0161 v d\u016Fsledku klimatick\u00FDch zm\u011Bn, kter\u00E9 m\u011Bly p\u0159\u00EDm\u00FD vliv na zem\u011Bd\u011Blstv\u00ED a hospod\u00E1\u0159stv\u00ED. V polovin\u011B 2. tis\u00EDcilet\u00ED zanikla, je mo\u017En\u00E9, \u017Ee na jej\u00EDm konci m\u011Bl pod\u00EDl i p\u0159\u00EDchod indoevropsk\u00FDch kmen\u016F.Prvn\u00ED archeologick\u00E9 pr\u016Fzkumy v oblasti protoindick\u00E9 kultury byly uskute\u010Dn\u011Bny a\u017E ve dvac\u00E1t\u00FDch letech 20. stolet\u00ED. Vzhledem k tomu, \u017Ee se o harappsk\u00E9 civilizaci nedochovaly zm\u00EDnky v \u017E\u00E1dn\u00FDch dosud nalezen\u00FDch z\u00E1znamech, jsou teorie o harappsk\u00E9 kultu\u0159e v\u011Bt\u0161inou spekulace a dohady zalo\u017Een\u00E9 pouze na poznatc\u00EDch a n\u00E1lezech archeolog\u016F. Hlavn\u00EDmi centry protoindick\u00E9 kultury byly zejm\u00E9na Mohend\u017Eodaro, kter\u00E9 je dnes sou\u010D\u00E1st\u00ED kulturn\u00EDch pam\u00E1tek sv\u011Btov\u00E9ho d\u011Bdictv\u00ED, a Harappa. Dal\u0161\u00EDmi d\u016Fle\u017Eit\u00FDmi centry byly nap\u0159. L\u00F3thal, Amr\u00ED, K\u00F3t D\u00EDd\u017E\u00ED a Nau\u0161ahro.Harappan\u00E9 znali odl\u00E9v\u00E1n\u00ED bronzu i m\u011Bdi, \u017Eivili se p\u0159ev\u00E1\u017En\u011B zem\u011Bd\u011Blstv\u00EDm. Nen\u00ED jasn\u00E9, ke kter\u00E9 jazykov\u00E9 rodin\u011B pat\u0159ili, v\u011Bt\u0161inou se uva\u017Euje o dr\u00E1vidsk\u00E9m \u010Di indoevropsk\u00E9m jazyku. Do dne\u0161n\u00ED doby se mimo poz\u016Fstatk\u016F m\u011Bstsk\u00FDch staveb dochovalo mno\u017Estv\u00ED men\u0161\u00EDch um\u011Bleck\u00FDch i u\u017Eitkov\u00FDch p\u0159edm\u011Bt\u016F, \u010Dast\u00FDmi n\u00E1lezy jsou mal\u00E1 pe\u010Det\u00EDtka se znaky p\u0159ipom\u00EDnaj\u00EDc\u00ED p\u00EDsmo. Toto p\u00EDsmo \u010Di symbolick\u00FD syst\u00E9m je zn\u00E1mo jako harappsk\u00E9 p\u00EDsmo a dosud nebylo rozlu\u0161t\u011Bno. Harappan\u00E9 udr\u017Eovali obchodn\u00ED styky s Mezopot\u00E1mi\u00ED a podle n\u00E1lezu p\u0159\u00EDstavn\u00EDch dok\u016F v L\u00F3thalu se p\u0159edpokl\u00E1d\u00E1, \u017Ee obchod prob\u00EDhal i n\u00E1mo\u0159n\u00ED cestou."@cs . . . . . "harappsk\u00E9ho"@cs . . .