. . . . "13971783"^^ . . . . "refusenici"@cs . "196608"^^ . . . . "refusenik"@cs . . "Refusenik je slovo vznikl\u00E9 v dob\u00E1ch tzv. Studen\u00E9 v\u00E1lky. Ozna\u010Duje osobu, kter\u00E9 byla odep\u0159ena n\u011Bkter\u00E1 lidsk\u00E1 pr\u00E1va, nap\u0159. pr\u00E1vo na vyst\u011Bhov\u00E1n\u00ED se. Pozd\u011Bji bylo slovo refusenik pou\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1no pro ozna\u010Den\u00ED osob, kter\u00E9 se odm\u00EDtaly \u00FA\u010Dastnit n\u011Bkter\u00FDch povinn\u00FDch aktivit, nap\u0159. vojensk\u00E9 slu\u017Eby. Etymologicky je slovo refusenik slo\u017Eeno z anglick\u00E9ho refuse (odm\u00EDtat) a rusk\u00E9 p\u0159\u00EDpony -nik (-\u043D\u0438\u043A) ozna\u010Duj\u00EDc\u00ED osoby v\u011Bnuj\u00EDc\u00ED se n\u011Bjak\u00E9 aktivit\u011B. Refusenik v Sov\u011Btsk\u00E9m svazu : \u017Eidov\u0161t\u00ED ob\u010Dan\u00E9 b\u00FDval\u00E9ho Sov\u011Btsk\u00E9ho svazu, kter\u00FDm nebylo ud\u011Bleno povolen\u00ED k vyst\u011Bhov\u00E1n\u00ED se do Izraele. Refusenik v Izraeli: pacifist\u00E9, kte\u0159\u00ED odm\u00EDtaj\u00ED slou\u017Eit v Izraelsk\u00FDch obrann\u00FDch sil\u00E1ch. Refusenik ve Velk\u00E9 Brit\u00E1nii: jedinci, kte\u0159\u00ED odm\u00EDtaj\u00ED p\u0159ijmout britsk\u00FD ob\u010Dansk\u00FD pr\u016Fkaz. Term\u00EDnem muslimsk\u00FD refusenik sama sebe naz\u00FDv\u00E1 kontroverzn\u00ED muslimsk\u00E1 spisovatelka Irshad Manji, oponuj\u00EDc\u00ED fundamentalistick\u00E9mu isl\u00E1mu. Term\u00EDnem po\u010D\u00EDta\u010Dov\u00FD refusenik je naz\u00FDv\u00E1na osoba, kter\u00E1 odm\u00EDt\u00E1 pou\u017E\u00EDvat po\u010D\u00EDta\u010De.\u2191 http://www.muslimrefusenik.com/"@cs . . . . . . "1443"^^ . . . . . "17"^^ . "povolen\u00ED"@cs . "Refusenik"@cs . "Refusenik"@cs . . . . "Refusenik je slovo vznikl\u00E9 v dob\u00E1ch tzv. Studen\u00E9 v\u00E1lky. Ozna\u010Duje osobu, kter\u00E9 byla odep\u0159ena n\u011Bkter\u00E1 lidsk\u00E1 pr\u00E1va, nap\u0159. pr\u00E1vo na vyst\u011Bhov\u00E1n\u00ED se. Pozd\u011Bji bylo slovo refusenik pou\u017E\u00EDv\u00E1no pro ozna\u010Den\u00ED osob, kter\u00E9 se odm\u00EDtaly \u00FA\u010Dastnit n\u011Bkter\u00FDch povinn\u00FDch aktivit, nap\u0159. vojensk\u00E9 slu\u017Eby. Etymologicky je slovo refusenik slo\u017Eeno z anglick\u00E9ho refuse (odm\u00EDtat) a rusk\u00E9 p\u0159\u00EDpony -nik (-\u043D\u0438\u043A) ozna\u010Duj\u00EDc\u00ED osoby v\u011Bnuj\u00EDc\u00ED se n\u011Bjak\u00E9 aktivit\u011B."@cs . .