"Seydi"@cs . "Metin"@cs . "Nur Bilge"@cs . . . "475519"^^ . . . . . "Yeni T\u00FCrkiye"@cs . . . . . "C. Cem"@cs . "Ankara"@cs . . . . "G\u00FCzel"@cs . . "Klaus"@cs . . . "Gabriel"@cs . . . . . . "D\u011Bjiny Turecka"@cs . "2010"^^ . . . "2008"^^ . "2009"^^ . "Ministry of culture and tourism"@cs . "2006"^^ . "2007"^^ . "Aldershot"@cs . . "2002"^^ . . . . "262"^^ . . "Suraiya N"@cs . . . . "Jan"@cs . . "Cambridge University Press"@cs . . "O\u011Fuz"@cs . . . "Pirick\u00FD"@cs . . . . . "Criss"@cs . "Mosta do Asie : Nov\u00E9 Turecko"@cs . "S\u00FCleyman"@cs . . "18045"^^ . "Lanham"@cs . . . . "296"^^ . . "An Outline of 2000 years of Turkish history"@cs . "Osman"@cs . . . . "16073314"^^ . . . . "Kate"@cs . . . "tureck\u00E9 v\u00E1lky za nez\u00E1vislost"@cs . . . . . . "Zachariadou"@cs . . . . "Studies in pre-Ottoman Turkey and the Ottomans"@cs . . . . . . "Ashgate"@cs . . . . . . . . . . . "80"^^ . "D\u011Bjiny Turecka po\u010D\u00EDnaj\u00ED ji\u017E ve starov\u011Bku, prvn\u00ED p\u0159\u00EDslu\u0161n\u00EDci tureck\u00E9ho etnika se v\u0161ak usadili na \u00FAzem\u00ED dne\u0161n\u00EDho Turecka a\u017E po bitv\u011B u Mantzikeru roku 1071. V pr\u016Fb\u011Bhu n\u00E1sleduj\u00EDc\u00EDch stalet\u00ED zde tureck\u00E9 dynastie zalo\u017Eili n\u011Bkolik men\u0161\u00EDch st\u00E1t\u016F, v\u00FDznamn\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDho postaven\u00ED v prvn\u00EDch stalet\u00EDch tureck\u00E9 p\u0159\u00EDtomnosti v Mal\u00E9 Asii dos\u00E1hl r\u00FAmsk\u00FD sultan\u00E1t pod vl\u00E1dou dynastie Seld\u017Euk\u016F. Po \u00FApadku tohoto st\u00E1tn\u00EDho \u00FAtvaru vznikl kolem roku 1299 v severoz\u00E1padn\u00ED Anatolii st\u00E1t Osman\u016F, kter\u00FD se do 16."@cs . . . "The Turks"@cs . "Cambridge"@cs . . "Fleet"@cs . "Krvav\u00FD zrod modern\u00EDho Turecka. Ankara mezi Lond\u00FDnem a Moskvou"@cs . "Heper"@cs . . . . . . . . . "200"^^ . . . . . . . "Musil"@cs . . "Kreiser"@cs . . . . . . . . "Elizabeth A"@cs . . "Wanner"@cs . "Melantrich"@cs . . "Praha"@cs . . . . . . . . . "Libri"@cs . "Scarecrow Press"@cs . "9780521620963"^^ . . . . . "D\u011Bjiny Turecka"@cs . . . . . . . "Neumann"@cs . "Alois"@cs . "D\u011Bjiny Turecka po\u010D\u00EDnaj\u00ED ji\u017E ve starov\u011Bku, prvn\u00ED p\u0159\u00EDslu\u0161n\u00EDci tureck\u00E9ho etnika se v\u0161ak usadili na \u00FAzem\u00ED dne\u0161n\u00EDho Turecka a\u017E po bitv\u011B u Mantzikeru roku 1071. V pr\u016Fb\u011Bhu n\u00E1sleduj\u00EDc\u00EDch stalet\u00ED zde tureck\u00E9 dynastie zalo\u017Eili n\u011Bkolik men\u0161\u00EDch st\u00E1t\u016F, v\u00FDznamn\u011Bj\u0161\u00EDho postaven\u00ED v prvn\u00EDch stalet\u00EDch tureck\u00E9 p\u0159\u00EDtomnosti v Mal\u00E9 Asii dos\u00E1hl r\u00FAmsk\u00FD sultan\u00E1t pod vl\u00E1dou dynastie Seld\u017Euk\u016F. Po \u00FApadku tohoto st\u00E1tn\u00EDho \u00FAtvaru vznikl kolem roku 1299 v severoz\u00E1padn\u00ED Anatolii st\u00E1t Osman\u016F, kter\u00FD se do 16. stolet\u00ED p\u0159em\u011Bnil v prvo\u0159adou sv\u011Btovou velmoc a z\u016Fstal j\u00ED zhruba do let 1683 a\u017E 1699, kdy ztratil rozs\u00E1hl\u00E1 \u00FAzem\u00ED ve prosp\u011Bch \u0159\u00ED\u0161e Habsburk\u016F. N\u00E1sledoval pomal\u00FD \u00FApadek, b\u011Bhem n\u011Bho\u017E Osmansk\u00E1 \u0159\u00ED\u0161e ztr\u00E1cela dal\u0161\u00ED a dal\u0161\u00ED \u00FAzem\u00ED, dokud nebyly jej\u00ED zbytky po proh\u0159e v prvn\u00ED sv\u011Btov\u00E9 v\u00E1lce od roku 1923 p\u0159em\u011Bn\u011Bny pod veden\u00EDm Mustafa Kemala Atat\u00FCrka na sekul\u00E1rn\u00ED tureckou republiku, j\u00ED\u017E je dodnes. Atat\u00FCrk za sv\u00E9 vl\u00E1dy provedl mno\u017Estv\u00ED radik\u00E1ln\u00EDch reforem s c\u00EDlem modernizovat tureckou spole\u010Dnost. Po dlouhou dobu se v Turecku udr\u017Eoval syst\u00E9m vl\u00E1dy jedn\u00E9 strany, a\u017E po roce 1945 zapo\u010Daly zm\u011Bny vedouc\u00ED k demokratizaci spole\u010Dnosti a od osmdes\u00E1t\u00FDch let i k liberalizaci hospod\u00E1\u0159stv\u00ED."@cs . . "Faroqhi"@cs . "Alois Musil"@cs . . "Turecko"@cs . . . . . . . . . . "Christoph K."@cs . . . . "Karatay"@cs . . . . . . . . . "975"^^ . . . . . "The Cambridge history of Turkey"@cs . . . . . . . . "978"^^ . . . . . "Hasan Cel\u00E2l"@cs . . "167"^^ . "Nakladatelstv\u00ED Lidov\u00E9 noviny"@cs . . . . . "D\u011Bjiny Turecka"@cs . "Jan Wanner"@cs . . "1941"^^ . . . . "Historical dictionary of Turkey"@cs .